Type-writing machine.



L. R. ROBERTS.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.19, 1913.

Patented Sept. 15, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

L. R. ROBERTS.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

1 1 APPLICATION FILED FEB. 19, 1913. Patented-sept 15,

3 SHEETS$HEET 2.

L. R. ROBERTS.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED new, 1913.

I Patented Sept. 15, 1914.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

F' l l I I I I I I I I I I I I I 1 q H dl l l l" I I I In I H H l l l l H Hu l I I I I I I IIII/I I I I I I I I I I l. I .r rl II IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIP l q XIIIIIIIH llllll LYMAN R. ROBERTS,

WRITER COMPANY, OF YORK, N,

OF RUTHERFORD, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR T0 UNDERWOOD TYPE- 'Y., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

rYrE-wmrmdMAeI-rmn Specification of Lett'ers-Batent.

Patented dept. 15, 1914.

Application filed February 1a, 191?; Serial no. 749,297.

To all whofmit may concern;

Be'i't 'knownthat ll, LYMAN R. Ronnnrs, a ifiz f th U ited States, residing-1n Rutherford, in the-county ofBergen and State ofjNew Jersey, have invented certain new i and useful Improvements in Type- Writing Machines, of which the following is a specifi at n My invention relates particularly toelect ricalmeans for operating the type bars of a typewriting machine, and provides an trical type action which is very quick and reliable in action and which embodied -1I1 a simple and practical construction.

The typ'ejbars are actuated by'an electro magnetoperatingthrough a universal rotatory driver on selective devices set by the- Each .key lever supports a vertioal operating bar which lifted by the operation of the key lever, releases a locking latch for the corresponding type bar, and brings theoperating bar into an operative position between an arm of the rotatory driver and the type bar. -The operating bar in its upward movement closes a circuit for ype. ys.

the magnet which thenpperates through a,

pawl-and-ratchet device to rotate the driver. This mrn'ement ofthe driver throws the operating bar forwardand-thereby operates the type bar. The magnetcircuit 1s automatically broken by means of a rock arm which is operated as the magnet armature moves to attracted position and releases an interlocked member of theswitch lever.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 a.perspectivewiew, illustrating the apparatus for operating thetype bars. Fig. 2 1s a sectional elevation view of the same, showing. the parts in their normal positioniat rest,.and also showing one of the central type bars. and keys. Fig. dis a similar View, showing the positlon'assumed by the parts \vhena key has been depressed. F g. i illustrates an intermediate position into which theparts are. brought at the moment the electric circuit. has been closed, but before. 1s a the type bar .has been operated. Fig. 0 detail view. of the pawl-and-ratchetmecha- Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic view, illus-. trating the .ClIClllt for the electromagnet Fig. '7 is a sectional elevatlon view, ShOWlIl'Q}.

the relation of the type bars and actuating elec-' ,p-rovided withlugs 4 guided in said slots and forming limit stops forthe'key levers.

The type bars 5 are mounted on apivot rod 6 extending through-a segmentfi', slotted Qto receive the type bars whichare normally supported in a horizontal position, but are adapted ,to be operated. into. engagement.

with a platen 7. v The type bars are operated by meansofsliding bars or links .8, each link connected to atype .bar by a pivot pin 9..

The links 8 are guided in their movements between guide pins or rods .10, 11,supported in the .wall 3,the latter having series ofkerfs or slots. v81 in' which the free. ends .of the links are guided. .A spring 12 connected between each type bar and its link 8 serves to return, thetype. barto its hori-- zontal position, where itis locked 'by a looking pawl 13 in a slotBl. The pawl 13 is in the form of a bell crank lever mounted on a pin 14s and held iulocking position by gray.-

ity assisted by a. spring 15. Thepawlis formed with a nose 16 to engage-a c0rrespondingly shaped notch 17 in thelink 8. 1

Between .eachkey lever and its type bar link 8 isa vertical operatinghar or plunger 18. .Thebars 18 are formed with upper and.

lower openings.19.,.,20,, through whichextend supportingand guiding rods 21,22 supported .inribs ,82 formed on the plate 3 and ihaviug a series of vertical slots to. receive and guide the plungers 18. The openin'zs 20 are .in-the form of vertical slots which perwmita free vertical movement of the plunsz'ers- 18,,a-nd also permit the plungers to be tilted forwardly about the rod 22 as a fulcrum; the plungers thus constitute floatinglevers operated as hereinafter, set. forth. The openings 19 are of such a size and shape as to permit the free vertical anl tilting movement. When a finger key is depressed, it throws the corresponding bar 18 upward to the position shown in Fig. 4, and releases the locking pawl 13 so that the type bar is free to be operated by the action of an electromagnet M, as will presently be described.

The mechanism for closing the circuit for the magnet M comprises a universal bar 23 supported at one end by a rock arm 24 having a pivot 25 which may be secured in the frame of the machine. A similar support may be provided for the right-hand end of the bar 23. The arm 24 supports a contact carrying arm 26 provided with a pin 27,

Which rests in a notch 28 formed in ,an upward extension 29 of the arm 24. The pivot pin 25 extends through a slot 30 in the contact arm 26, and permits a vertical movement of the latter. A stationary switch arm 31 carries an electrical contact 32 adapted to be engaged by a movable contact 33 carried by, but insulated from, the arm 26.

Each of the plungers 18 is provided with a cam projection 34 beneath the bar 23. When a finger key is depressed, and the corresponding plunger 18 lifted, as shown in Fig. 4, the lever arm 24 is til-ted to bring the contacts 32, 33 together, and thereby complete a circuit through the electromagnet. The magnet may be connected to any suitable source of current supply. By reference to Fig. 6, the circuit through the magnet may be traced from a connector bar 35 on the switchboard through a conductor 36, 'electromagnet M, conductor 37, switch contacts 33, 32 and a switch 38, to the other connector bar.

The magnet is provided with an arma-' ture 40 movable bodily toward and from the poles 41. The armature'is secured to a rod 42 which is freely mounted in stationary supporting arms 43, 44, which permit the rod 42 to move in the direction of its axis. Disks 45, 46, located on opposite sides of the support 44, limit the movement of said rod. The position of the armature 40 on its supporting rod is adjustable by means ofa nut 47 secured to the armature and through which extends the threaded portion 48 of the rod. A lever 49 having a fulcrum pin 50 journaled in the frame of the machine extends through a slot 51 in the rod 42, which permits a limited independent movement of the rod and lever. A'- spring 53 connected to the lever 49 and the support 44 yieldingly holds the lever against an antifriction roller 54 in the slot 51.

Located above the bars 18 and adapted to coiiperate therewith is a universal rotatory driver in the form of a reel R. This driver comprises a series of horizontal rods equally spaced and symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis of the driver. The ends of the rods 55, as shown in Fig. 1, are secured to a spider 56 in which is also secured the axle 57 of the driver. At intermediate points the driver may be provided with one or more plates 58 to properly space and rigidly hold the rods in position. A strong and rigid structure is thus provided which at the same time is light and has little inertia.

Secured to the axle 57 is a ratchet wheel 59 formed with ratchet teeth 60 corresponding in. number and position to the rods 55. A pawl 61 is connected by a pivot 62 to the upper end of the lever 49, and is yieldingly held in a position substantially.

per endicular to the lever, by means of a leaf spring 63 secured to the lever and bearing against the squared end of the pawl.

The ratchet wheel 59 carries on its outer face a series of pins 64 in position to cooperate with a stop 65 carried by the lever 49. The inward movement of the lever 49 is limited by an adjustable stop 66 consisting of a set screw in a stationary bracket 67 the latter being formed with a slot 68 in which the lever 49 is guided.

Fig. 7 is a front elevation view illustrating the relative positions and arrangements of the type bars and their operating arms 8 and the plungers 18. The type bars are arranged in a well known manner in the segment 6. The central portion of the segment is somewhat lower than the upper portion of the plate 3 so'that the arms 8 connected to the central type bars have their pivoted ends somewhat lower than the free ends, as clearly shown in Fig. 2. The type bars near the outer ends of the segment, however, are above the plate 3, so that the pivoted ends of the connected arms 8 are higher than the free ends of said arms. This difference in height is provided for by the upwardly extending portions 83. The pivot ends of these outer arms 8 are also bent or inclined inwardly, as shown at 84, to bring said ends in the plane of their type bars. The intermediate arms 8 are gradually varied in form from that shown in Fig. 2 to that in Fig. 8, which represents one of the outermost arms. The plungers 18 are preferably all of the same length and shape so that they bearthe same relation to the actuating rods 55 of the driver R. The operation of the several arms 8 is substantially identical.

The operation of the mechanism thus far described is substantially as follows: When a finger key is operated it lifts a plunger 18 to the position shown in Fig. 4 and releases the latch 13. It will be observed that in this position of the plunger 18, an extension 69 thereof has been carried upward in front of a rod 55 of the driver, so that the plunger forms an interponent between 1,1 eas ing to the distance between two adjacent rods 55. As the lever moves forward, the

.stop Girls carried-over a pin 64, as shown in .Fig. 5, and limits the rotation of the driver, so, that an overthrow is prevented. A red 55 o-fthe driver being in contact with the lifted plunger .18, the rotation of the driver throws said plunger from the position shown in Fig. 4:, forward to the position. shown in Fig. 3. The upper end of the bar'being behind the link 8 during suchmovement, the latter is forced forward and operates the type bar. The plunger 18 .operates as a positive drive for the type bar until it reaches the dotted line position, Fig. '3, after which the type stroke is completed by the momentum of the type bar and the link 8. To accurately adjust the position of the rotatory driver after each operation, and toprevent retrograde movement as the pawl is retracted, a springpressed arm. is positioned to engage two adjacent rods- 55. As the bar 18 when thrown forward to the Fig. 3 position is out of the path of the link 8, the type-bar is free to return independently of the key lever.

In order to break the electrical circuit through the electromagnet, I provide a rock arm 71 carried by a. rock shaft 72 to which is. also secured a crank arm 73 carrying a pin 74 in the path of the lever 49. The outer end of the arm 71 is located directly beneath a pin 7 5 carried by thearm 26. As the lever 49 is pulled toward the magnet, the shaft 72 is rocked, and the arm 71 engages the pin 75 andraises the arm 26 so that the pin 27 is carried out of the notch 28. The. arm 26 is now free to swing to the Fig. 3 position under the influence of the arm 71, assisted by a spring 7 6 connected to thearm 26, thereby separating the switch contacts 32, 33. The magnet being thus deenergized, the spring 53. returns the lever 49 and associated parts to their initial position. The circuit breaker is adjusted to open the circuit as.

the lever 49 has about completed its forward movement. The. magnet. armature is,

adjusted to prevent actual contact With the pole faces and thereby prevent sticking due to. residual magnetism.

It will be observed that each key lever has only a small angular movement and that manual power is required only to lift the plunger bar 18, release the latch 13, and close the magnet circuit. The remaining operations are performed by the power supplied from. the magnet. Only a very slight touch is therefore required to actuate the type bars. It will also be seen that the arrangement of parts is such that a very quick action is obtained. All of .the parts are made light for the purpose of obtaining a quick action. The method of supporting the bars 18 permits entire freedom of movement.

Although Ihave shown only one operating electro-magnet, it will be understood that this magnet and associated mechanism may be duplicated at the other'end of the machine.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, and portions of the improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1 In a typewriting machine, the combination of a key lever, a type bar, a lock for the type bar, a device operated directly by the key lever to release the lock, and electro-responsi-ve means controlled by said device to actuate the type bar.

2. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a type bar, a lock therefor, a key lever, means operated directly by the key lever to release the lock, and a power device to operate the type bar.

3. -In a typewriting machine, the combination of a key lever, a type bar, an intermediate member operable by the key lever in one direction, a lock for the type-bar released by said' member, and means controlled by said intermediate member during such operation to move said member in a different direction and thereby operate the type bar. '1;

4. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a key lever, a type bar, a lock for the type-bar, a floating lever operable by the key lever in one direction to release the lock, and means controlled by the floating lever during said operation to move said floating lever in a different direction and thereby actuate the type bar.

5. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a key lever, a type bar, an intermediate member moved bodily by the key lever, a motor set into operation by said member to impart an angular movement to said member, and type bar actuating means operated by said member during said angular movement.

6. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a key lever, a vertical bar resting on said lever and movable vertically when the lever'is operated, a type bar, operating means therefor, and a locking latch in position tobe-released by said vertically movoperating independently of the key lever to impart an angular movement to said vertical bar, and operating mechanism between said vertical bar and type bar for transmitting said angular movement to the typebar and moving the type-bar toward printing position.

8. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a type bar, an operating arm connected thereto, a locking latch to prevent movement of said arm, a key lever, a member supported thereby and movable into a position to release said latch, and means to operate said member in a direction to move said arm and thereby actuate the type bar.

9. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a key lever, a type bar, a rearwardly extending arm pivoted to the type bar, an operating member supported by the key lever and movable vertically into a position behind said arm, and means to impart a forward angular movement to said operating member and thereby operate the type 10. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a rotatory driver, key-actuated devices, selectively settable into position to be operated by the driver independently of movement of the keys, means controlled by the keys to operate the driver step-by-step, type bars, and intermediate operating mechanism between said devices and said type bars.

11. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a universal rotatory driver, an electric motor to operate the driver, a switch in the motor circuit, type bars, mechanisms to actuate said bars and keys to close said circuit and selectively set said mechanisms to be operated by the said driver.

12. In a typewriting machine, the combination of key levers, type bars, a rotatory driver, an electromagnet, means controlled by the key levers to energize the magnet, operating means between the magnet and said driver, and selective mechanism actuated by the driver to operate the type bars corresponding to the operated key levers.

13. in a typewriting machine, the combination of a rotatory driver, an electromagnet, key levers, a device operated by said levers to establish a circuit for the electromagnet, means operated by the electromagnet to impart a. step-by-step rotation to the f driver in response to operation of the key levers, type bars, and means selectively op erated by the key levers into a position to ltJransmit motion from the driver to the type ars.

14. In a typewriter, the combination of a rotatory driver, an electromagnet, operating means between the electromagnet and driver,

a set of type bars, and selective means to {)lilIlSIlllt motion from the driver to the type ars.

15. In a typewriting machine, the combi nation of a rotatory driver, an electro magnet, mechanism to rotate the driver when the magnet is energized, type bars, and selective means to operate the type bars by power transmitting from the driver.

16. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a set of key levers, corresponding type bars, a rotatory driver, means to cause a rotation of the driver when a key lever is operated, and means independent of the operated key lever to transmit the motion of the driver to the type bar corresponding to the operated key lever. .0

17. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a rotatory driver, key levers, means associated with each key lever to cause a rotary movement of the driver, type bars, and means to transmit motion from the driver to the type bars without further movement of the key levers during the r0- tation of the. driver.

18. In a typewriting machine, the combination of type bars, a rotatory driver, key levers, type bar actuating devices movable by said key levers into position to be actuated by the driver and thereby actuate the type bars by a movement independent of the key levers, an electric motor to operate the driver, and a circuit closer for the motor operated by.the key levers.

19. In a typewriting machine, the combination with type bars and actuating devices therefor, of a rotatory driver, means to rotate the driver, locking mechanism for the type bars, and means to move said actuating devices into a position to release the locking mechanism and to be operated by the driver.

20. In a typewriting machine, the combination of type bars, lockingmeans therefor, type bar actuating devices operable to release said locking means, a rotatory driver in position to operate said devices and there: by operate the type bars, and means to operate the driver.

21. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a plurality of type bars, actuating devices therefor, a rotatory driver, means for selectively operating said devices into an operative position with respect to the type bars, anelectromagnet, mechanism operated by the magnet to rotate the driver, a circuit-closer for the electromagnet, anda single circuit-closing device operable by each of said type bar actuating devices.

22. In a typewriting machine, the combi CPL nation of a rotatory driver, an electric mechanism, and means-to selectively move said operating devlces mto posltion to be actuated.

25. In a typewriting machine, the combination of type bars, a reel, a ratchet wheel connected to the driver, an operating pawl, a motor, operating connections between the motor and said pawl, and type bar operating devices operated by the driver.

26. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a reel, a ratchet-wheel rotatable therewitlnan operating pawl, means to operate said pawl, means to prevent an overthrow of the driver, and type bar actuating mechanism operated by the driver.

27. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a reel, a ratchet wheel rotatable therewith, an electromagnet and its armature, a lever operatedby the armature, a pawl carried by said lever and cooperating with the ratchet wheel to impart a step-bystep rotation to the driver, a stop device carried'by the lever operable to positively limit the movement of the driver, type bars, type bar actuating mechanism operated by the driver, and means to control the operation of the magnet and said mechanism.

, 28. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a reel, a ratchet wheel secured to the axle of the driver, stop devices carried by the ratchet wheel, a pawl, an operating arm carrying said pawl, means carried by the arm to engage said stop devices and limit the throw of the driver, type bars, and selectively operable mechanism operated by the driver to actuate the type bars.

29. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a plurality of equally spaced parallel bars rotatable about a common axis, means to impart a step-by-step rotation to said bars, type bars, actuating devices therefor, and keys to selectively operate said devices into-position to be operated by said first-named bars and operate the type-bars independently of the keys, said devices operable from said position to actuate the type-bars while the keys are at rest.

30. In a typewriting machine, the combination of type bars, an electromagnet, mechanism operated thereby to selectively operate the type-bars, a switch in the energizing circuit of the magnet and comprising interlocked members, key levers operable to close '-said switch, and means operated by the electromagnet to release said interlocked members and permit said switch to open.

31. In a typewriting machine, the combination of type bars pivotally movable from a horizontal to anupright position, operating links connected to said levers and mo"- able in a forward direction to lift the type bars, latches in engagement with said links,

'key levers, devices operated thereby to release the latches, and means to operate the type bars; I

32. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a pivoted type bar, an operating arm pivoted thereto and having an approximately rectilinear movement, a locking latch movable into and out of locking engagement with the arm, and means to release the latch and operate the arm.

33. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a type bar, an operating arm pivoted thereto, a latch engaging the arm and projecting beyondthe arm, an operating device movable into position to release the 'latch and then operate the arm, and means to operate said device.

34:. In a typewriter, the combination of types, plungers, means to selectively set the plungers, a rotary driver, and means to impart a step-by-step rotation to the driver to actuate the set plungers and thereby operate the corresponding types.

35. In a typewriter, the combination of types, a rotatory driver, plungers, means to selectively set the plungers, and power mechanism to impart step-by-step rotation to the driver to actuate the set plungers and thereby operate the corresponding types.

36. In a typewriter, the combination of types, plungers, keys to selectively set the plungers, a rotatory driver, electro-responsive mechanism controlled by said keys to rotate the driver step by step ,to actuate the set plungers and thereby operate the corresponding types. I

37. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a rotatory driver, a ratchet wheel rotatable therewith, an operating pawl, means to drive said pawl, and type-bars operated by said rotatory driver. 1

Ill)

38. In a typewriting machine, the combi- 40. In a typewriting machine, the combisaid power device.

41. In a typewriting machine, the combination of type-bars, an intermittently rotated driver, type-bar-actuating devices settable; into position to be operated by the driver, and keys to set said devices and cause the driver to rotate, the driver being rotated after a key has completed its movement.

42. The combination of type-bars, key levers, links extending from the type-bars, normally effective locks for saidlinks, interponents operated by the key levers to reease said locks-and to be brought into cooperative relation to saidlinks, a universal actuator,isaid interponents normally out of range of said actuator but shiftable by said levers into range thereof concomitantly with the releasing of the locks,;a;powerdriven pawl and-ratchet device for operat- 1 ing said universal actuator,-means controlled by said key levers forjcalling said powerdriven devices in to cooperativerelation, the

type-bars being returnable to normal po.-

sitions independently. of the key-levers, said interponents being first actuated and then released by said universal actuator, and

said interponents escaping from said links to permit the type-bars to return to. normal positions in advance of the interponents and key levers, and means forautomatically cutting off thesource of power.;

43. The combination of. type-bars, key

levers, links extending from the type-bars,

normally effective locks forsaid links, interponents operated by the key levers to release said locks and to be brought into cooperative relation to said links, a universal actuator, said, interponents normally out-of range with 'said actuator but shiftable by said levers into range thereof concomitantly with the releasing of thelocks, and a powerdrivenpa'wl-and-ratchet device for operat ing said universal actuator,-said key'levers and interponents-being returnable to normal position independently of the type-bars, said interponents being first actuated and then released by said universal actuator, and said interponents escaping from'said links to per-v mit the type-bars to return to normal positions in advance of the interponents-and key levers. 4

44. The combination of. type-bars, key levers, links extending from the type-bars,

interponents selectively operated by the key levers into cotiperative relation to said links, a power operated universal driver, said interponents normally out of range of said driver,but brought into range thereof when operated by the keys, and means operated by the keys to cause the operation-of said ponents and cause the interponents to op:

erate the type-bars, said key levers and interponents being returnable to normal positions independently of the type-bars.

j 46. The combination of type-bars, key

levers, 'links extending from the type-bars,

interponents selectively operated by the key levers into cooperative relation to said links, a power-operated unlversal driver, said, 3

interponents normally out of range of said driver, but brought into range thereof when operated by the keys, and means operated by the keys to cause the operation of said driver andv thereby actuate said interponents and cause the interponents to operate the type-bars, said interponents being moved by said driver out of the path of said links and permitting the type-bars to return to normal positions in advance of the inter ponents and key'levers.

47. The combination of type-bars, .key

levers, locks for the type-bars, interponents operated by the key levers to release said looks, a universal driver,said interponents when operated by the key levers being brought into position to be operated 'bythe driver and thereby operate the type-"bars, and power .driven means for operating said universal driver, said interponents movable by said driver into position to permit the type-bars to return to normal positions in advance of the key levers and interponents; 48. The combination of. type-bars, key levers, interponents moved by the'key levers into cooperative relation with the typebars, a universal driver, said interponents normally out of range of said driver, but brought into range thereof by the operation of the key levers, a motor, operatin connec tions between the motor andsaid driver,

and means operated by the keys to'cause the motor to operate the driver, and through said interponents operate the type-bars.

49. The combination :of ..type-bars, key levers, interponents moved by the key levers into cooperative relation with the type-bars, a universal driver,,said interponents normally out of range of said driver, but brought into range thereof by the operation of the key, levers, a motor, operating connections be-. tween the motor and said driver, and means operated by-thekeys to cause the motor to operate the driver,

levers,

and through said interponents operate the type-bars, said interponents operable to drive the type-bars during a portion only of the type stroke and permitting the type-bars to complete the type stroke by momentum.

50. The combination of type-bars, key levers, locks 'for the type-bars, a universal driver, interponents movable by said keys into positionto be actuated by said-driver and operative during such movement to release said locks, an electric motor to operate said driver, and means operated by the .key levers to. establish a circuit for the motor and cause it to operate the driver and thereby operate said interponents, said interonents operating positively on the typears during a portion of the type stroke, and permitting the type stroketo becompleted by momentum, said interponents moved during the type stroke into position to permit the type-bars to return to normal positions and be locked in advance of the return movement of the key levers.

51. The combination of typevbars, key levers, a universal driver, interponents normally out of range of said driver and selectively o erable by the key levers into the range 0 said driver and into coiiperative relation with the type-bars, an electric motor to operate said driver, a switch operable by the key levers to establish a circuit for the motor and thereby operate the driver, and means operable automatically to interrupt the motor circuit independently of the position of the key levers when said driver is operated.

52. The combinationof type-bars, key links extending from the type-bars, interponents operated by said key levers into coiiperative relation to said links, a universal driver, said interponents brought within the range of said driver when operated by the key levers, an electric motor to operate said driver, a switch in the motor circuit, and a universal bar connected to said switch and lying in the path of said interponents to be operated thereby for closing the circuit for the motor whereby the Isaaid driver is operated to actuate the typears. v

58. The combination of type-bars, ke 1evers, links extending from the typears,

interponents operated by said .key levers into cooperative relation to said links, a universal driver, said interponents brought Within the range of said driver when operated by the key levers, an electric motor to operate said driver, a switch in the motor circuit, a universal bar connected to said switch and lying in the path of said interponents to be operated thereby for closing the circuit for the motor whereby the said driver is operated to actuate the type-bars, and means operated by the motor to inter v and impart a step by-step rnptihe motor circuit while the said universal bar is in its circuit-closing position.

54. The combination of type-bars, key levers, links extending from the type-bars, interponents operated by said key levers into cooperative relation to said links, a universal driver, said interponents brought within the range of said driver when operated by the key levers, an electric motor to operate said driver, a switch in the motor circuit, a universal bar connected to said switch and lying in the path of said interponents to be operated thereby for closing the circuit for the motor whereby the said driver is operated to actuate the type-bars, means operated by the motorto interrupt the motor circuit while the said universal bar is in its circuit-closing position, and means to break the motor-circuit during the operation of said driver independently of the position of the key levers.

55. The combination of type-bars, key levers, links extending from the type-bars, interponents operated by the key levers into cooperative relation with said links, a universal rotary driver, said interpo-nents normally out of the range of said driver, and shiftable within the range thereof by the key levers, a ratchet wheel connected to said rotary driver, a pawl to rotate said wheel and actuate the driver, a lever carrying said pawl, an electro-m'agnet having its armature connected to said lever for operating the latter, a switch in the circuit of the electromagnet, a universal bar connected to said switch and lying in the path of said interponents, the switch operable by the interponents to close the motor circuit, and means to open said switch after said driver has been actuated by the motor indepen dently of the position of the key levers.

; 56. The combination with type-bars and key-levers,- of a rotary driver comprising equally spaced universal bars, interponents normally out of range of said driver and selectively operable by the key levers into range of said driver and into cooperative relation to the type-bars, pawl-and-ratchet mechanism for imparting a step-by-step rotation to said driver, a motor to actuate said pawl-and-ratchet mechanism, and stop mechanism to prevent overthrow of the driver and thereby secure equal angular ro tations of the driver at each step. t

57. The combination with key levers and type-bars, of interponents selectively movable by the key levers into co'ciperative relation with the type-bars, a universal driver comprising a series of equally spaced bars having the same path of rotation, said interponents moved by the key levers into the path of said driver, a ratchet wheel connected to the driver, a swinging arm carrying a pawl to operate the ratchet 'wlieel rotation to the the combination with a platen, of atype-bar driver, a stop on said swinging arm, counheld against the driver to accurately position the latter after each rotation and to prevent backward rotation of the driver.

key' levers, a universal driver, interponents selectively movable by the key levers into coiiperative relation with the type-bars and into position to be actuated by said driver, an electric motor to rotate the driver, a switch in the motor circuit, cams on said interponents, and a universalbar connected to the said switch and operated by said cams to close the motor circuit when a key lever is actuated and'thereby cause the motor to actuate the driver and through the interponents to operate the type-bars.

59, In a typewriting machine, thelcombination with a set of type-bars arranged in an arc, of links extendin from the typehars and havingv the en s thereof remote from the type-bars arranged in substantially a straight line, said links having offset portions graduated' to correspond with the positions of the type-bars, a universal driver, key levers, and interponents movable by the key levers into position to be operated by said driver and operate said links to actuate the type-bars. I

60. In a typewritin machine, the combination with, pivote type-bars having their pivots arranged in an arc of a circle, of links connected at. one "endto the typebars for operating the latter, the opposite ends of said links being arranged in. a

straight line, the pivotcd'e'nds of the links comprising: off-set portions graduated to correspond to the positions ofthe type-bars, key levers, and means controlled thereby for selectivelydriving said links and thereby actuating the type-bars.

61. In a typewriting machine, the combinati n with" pivoted type-bars arranged with t eir pivots in an arc, links or arms extending from the type-bars having their free ends arranged in a horizontal plane, said links having graduated off-set portions between their pivotsand said free ends, a support for the free ends of said links, key levers, interponents selectively movable by said key levers into a position behind said links, a universal driverfor operating said interponentsand thereby driving said links to swing the type-bars, and a power device for operating said driven. I

62, In a front-strike typewriting machine,

segment, type-bars pivoted thereon to swing upwardly and rearwardly against the platen, said type-bars arranged in an arc of a circle, arms pivoted to the type-bars and extending rearwardly therefrom, the free ends of said arms being arranged in a straight line, said arms comprising off-set'portions graduated to correspond to the positions'of the typebar pivots, key levers, interponents resting thereon and selectivelymovable by the key levers upwardly to a position behind said arms,' and power mechanism controlled by 58. The combination with type-bars, of;

the key levers for driving said interponents forwardlyand thereby moving said arms forwardly to swing the types about their 63. In a typewriting machine,the' combination with type-bars arranged in an are a connected at one end to a type-bar for swinging the latter about its fulcrum, the opposite ends of said links .bein arranged in ahorizontal plane at an e ev-ation intermediate that of the fulcrums for the centraland out lying type-bars, said arms comprising oflf-set portions graduated and arranged to corre-, spond to theelevation of the type-bar ful; crums, kc'y levers, and interponents opera ated by the key-levers into operative relation to said links, and means controlled by the key levers for driving said interponents and thereby operating the type-bars.

64. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a vertical type-bar segment, of type-bars fulcrumed thereon with their fulcrums arranged in an arc, links pivoted to. I

the type-bars below their fulcrums, and extending rearwardly therefrom, the rear e ds of said links lying in a horizontal plane atan elevation intermediatethe fulcrums of the central and outlying type-bars, said links comprising vertical ofl-set portions,

and swing the type-bars of a circle, said type-bars being equally spaced on the segment, equally spaced key levers, links pivoted to the type-bars and having their'free ends lying ina horizontal plane and spaced at intervals equal to the spaces between the .key levers, said links comprising off-set portions lying in vertical planes, and inclined portions connecting said off-set portions to the-links, said inclined portions graduated to correspond to the lateral positions. of the key levers relative to their type-bar pivots, and means, controlled by the key leversto actuate said links-and thereby operate the type-bars.

66-. In a front-strike typewriting machine,

the combination with a platen and type-bars pivoted to swing upwardly and rearwardly against the platen, of links extending rearwardly from the type-bars, key levers beneath said links and type-bars, interponents movable upwardly by the key levers into coeperative relation to the said links, and means to actuate said interponents to drive the links forwardly and operate the type-bars.

67. In afront-strike typewritin machine, the combination with a platen and type-bars pivoted to swing upwardly and rearwardly against the platen, of links extending rearwardly from the type-bars, key levers beneath said links and type-bars, interponents movable upwardly by'the k-ey levers into cooperative relation to the said links, a universal driver, and a motor to actuate said driver and through, said interponents 'to drive the links forwardly and thereby swing the type-bars to printing position.

68. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combinationwith a platen and type-bars pivoted to swing upwardly and rearwardly against the platen, of links extending rearwardly from the type-bars, key levers beneath said links and type-bars, interponents movable upwardly by the key levers into co'o'perative' relation to the said links, a rotary driver, said interponents moved by the keys into the path of said driver, a motor, means actuated thereby to v impart a step-by-step rotation to the driver,

and means operated by the key levers to control the operation of saidmotor.

69. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination with a platen and type-bars pivoted to swing upwardly andrearwardly against the front face of the platen, links connected to the type-bars and extending rearwardly therefrom, means to support and guide the free ends of said links in a substantially horizontal direction, key levers pivoted intermediate their ends and located beneath the type-bars and said links, vertically-disposed mterponents selectively movable upwardly by the key levers into a posi tion behind said links, a power-operated universal driver, saidinterponents movable into the path of said driver when operated by the type-bars, and means controlled by the key levers for causing said driver'to throw the interponents for.- \vardly and thereby move said links forwardly to actuate the type-bars.

70. in a front-strike typewritin machine, the combination with a platen an type-bars pivoted to swing upwardly and rearwardly against the front face of the platen, links connected to the type-bars and extending rearwardly therefrom, means to support and guide the free ends of said links in a substantially horizontal direction, key levers pivoted intermediate their ends and located the operation of beneath the type-bars and said links, vertically-disposed interponents selectively movable upwardly by the key levers into a posi'- tion behind said links, a power-operated universal driver, said interponents movable into the path of said driver, when operated by the type-bars, means controlled b the key levers for causing the operation said driver to throw the interponents forwardly links forwardly to and thereby move said and locking latches actuate the type-bars;

normally engaging said links and holding I the type-bars away from theplaten, said latches lying in the path of the interponents and operated thereby to release the links, said interp'onents being moved by the driver out of the path of the links and said locking latches, and permitting the typ -bars to be returned and'locked in their normal positions of rest independently of the return movement "of the key levers and interponents.

'71. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a type-bar segment and typebars pivoted thereon with their pivots arranged in an arc, of key levers below the type-bars and pivoted to swing in vertical parallel planes, links extending rearwardly from the type-bars and-having their free ends arranged in said vertical planes, a

guide plate located behind the type-bar segment and provided with means for supporting and guiding said links, interponents movable upwardly by the key levers to a position behind the said links, controlled by the key levers to drive said interponents forwardly and thereby actuate the type-bars.

72. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen, of a vertical type-bar segment, type-bars thereon arranged in an arc of a circle to swing upwardly and rearwardly to a common printing point on the platen, key levers beneath the type-bars and pivoted intermediate their ends, to swing in vertical parallel planes, a guide plate located behind the type-bars, links pivoted to the type-bars therefrom, said links being arranged in the said vertical planes and supported and.

guided on said guide plate, interponents selectively movable upwardly by the key levers into cooperative relation to the said links, said links comprising od-set portions lying in said vertical planes and graduated to correspond to the height of their pivots, and portions inclined to correspond with the planes in which the type-bars swing, said inclined portions conecting the typebars with said vertical offset portions, and means to actuate the interponents to drive the links, and thereby swing the type-bars.

73. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen, of a vertical type-bar segment, type-bars thereon arrange in an and means and extending rearwardly.

' plate and selectively mova are of a circle to swing upwardly and rearwardly to a common printing point on the platen, key levers beneath the type-bars and pivoted intermediate their ends, to swing in vertical parallel, equally-spaced planes, a vertically-disposed guide plate located behind the type-bars, links pivoted tothe typebars and extending rearwardly therefrom, the rear ends of said links being arranged in the said vertical planes and supported and guided on said ide plate, the rear ends of the key levers a so guided on said plate, interponents supported and guided on said b e upwardly by the key levers into cooperative relation to the said links, said links comprising ofi-set portions lying in said vertical planes and graduated to'correspond to the height of their pivots, and portions inclined to correspond with the planes in which the type-bars swing, said inclined portions connecting type-bars with said Vertical off-set portions, a power-operated universal driver to actuate the interponents to drive the links, and means operated by the key'leversto control 

